Jibrīl kept enjoining me regarding the good treatment of the neighbor to the extent that I thought he would inherit him forbade vowing and said: "Indeed, it does not bring any good; rather it is only a means to extract something from the miser By Allah, Allah Willing, if I ever take an oath and then see that another option is better than the first, I will make expiation for my oath and do what is better If anyone swears by a religion other than Islam falsely and intentionally, he is as he has said Whoever is pleased to be saved by Allah from the agonies of the Day of Judgment, let him give the insolvent respite or grant him remission O Messenger of Allah, I have two neighbors, so which one of them should I give a gift to? He said: The one whose door is the nearest to you There is no emigration after the Conquest, but there is Jihad and good intention, and whenever you are called for Jihad, you should immediately respond to the call Whoever unjustly usurps even one handspan of land, his neck will be encircled with it down the seven earths The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade Munābadhah, which is when a man throws a garment to another thus selling it to him before the buyer unfolds it or examines it. He also forbade Mulāmasah, which is when a man touches a garment [thus buying it] without examining it The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the sale of fruits until they are ripe. They said: What is meant by ripe? He said: When they become red. He added: What if Allah prevents the fruits, how could one of you consider his brother's money lawful for himself? The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) prohibited the selling of a fruit until it is evidently ripe. He forbade both the buyer and the seller Silver for gold is Riba (usury) unless exchanged on the spot; wheat for wheat is Riba unless exchanged on the spot; barley for barley is Riba unless exchanged on the spot; and dates for dates is Riba unless exchanged on the spot The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the town-dweller to sell (merchandise) on behalf of a Bedouin The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) prohibited the sale of exchange of gold with silver on credit The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the sale of silver for silver and gold for gold except for equal quantities, and commanded us to buy silver with gold as we desire, and to buy gold with silver as we desire No owner of gold or silver who does not pay what is due on it except that on the Day of Judgment they will be made for him sheets of fire Whoever swears saying: "I have nothing to do with Islam," if he is lying, then he will be as he said: and if he is telling the truth, his Islam will be defective Competitions with prizes are allowed only in camel racing, horse racing, and shooting arrows When a person dies, his deeds come to an end except for three things: ongoing charity, beneficial knowledge, or a pious child who supplicates for him O Messenger of Allah, ’Umm Sa‘d died. Which charity is the best?" He said: 'Water.' He said: So, he dug a well and said: "This is for ’Umm Sa‘d Sa‘d ibn ‘Ubādah sought a ruling from the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) concerning a vow that was due upon his mother, who had died before she fulfilled it. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Fulfill it on her behalf." If anyone takes a false oath in order to seize the wealth of a Muslim unlawfully, he will meet Allah when He is angry with him If anyone undertakes to take a false oath to appropriate the wealth of a Muslim, he will meet Allah while He is angry with him. My sister vowed to walk to the Sacred Mosque barefoot. Then, she asked me to ask the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) about it. I asked him, and he replied: "Let her walk and ride." O ‘Abdur-Rahmān ibn Samurah, do not ask for a position of authority, for if you were granted such authority upon your request, you would be left (to manage it) unaided. Whoever takes an oath to do something and then he finds a better alternative which brings him closer to Allah should do what is better in piety You would have received a greater reward had you given her to your maternal uncles Give it to him, for the best among you are those who settle their debts in the best manner A man from among those who were before you was called to account (by Allah on the Day of Judgment). No good deeds were found in his record except that he, being a rich man, used to enter into transactions with people and used to command his servants to show leniency towards those who were insolvent. Allah, the Exalted, said: We are more entitled to this (leniency) than him. Pardon him. That one of you takes his rope, goes to the mountain, cuts some firewood, carries it on his back, and sells it, thereby Allah saves his face (his dignity) is better for him than to ask people and they either give him or deny him If somebody keeps a horse in Allah's cause motivated by his faith in Allah and his belief in His promise, then he will be rewarded on the Day of Resurrection for what the horse has eaten or drunk and for its dung and urine The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) bought a camel from him, and he weighed out (the price) and paid him more than his due If you cook broth, increase the amount of liquid in it and give some to your neighbors The Ash‘aris, if they ran short of provisions while on a military expedition, or if their children did not have enough food in Madīnah I gave the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) a zebra as a gift The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) employed a man from the tribe of Azd, named Ibn al-Lutbiyyah, as a collector of Zakah. When he returned, he said: This is for you, and this was given to me as a gift. Thereupon, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) ascended the pulpit It is not befitting for a Muslim who has anything concerning which a will should be made, to abide for two nights without having his will with him Order him to speak, seek the shade, sit down, and complete his fast Whoever finds his property intact with a bankrupt person, he has more right to take it than anyone else If someone sells pollinated date palms, their fruits will be for the seller, unless the buyer stipulates the contrary The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade riders being met on their way, and a townsman selling for a man from the desert the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the Muzābanah sale: that is to sell fruits in one's garden, if it is palm trees, for dates by dry measure; and if it is a vineyard, to sell for raisins by dry measure; and if it is any crop to sell for a dry measure of its food. He forbade all such transactions The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the transaction called Habal al-Habalah The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) bought food from a Jew and pledged him his iron armor The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the sales called Mukhābarah, Muhāqalah, Muzābanah and the selling of fruits until they are fit for eating. He also forbade the selling of fruits but for money, except in the case of ‘Araya O Messenger of Allah, I have acquired a piece of land in Khaybar, and I have never acquired a property more precious to me than that. What do you command me to do with it? He said: If you wish you can keep its origin as an endowment, and give its yield in charity Beware! Beware! This is definitely usury! This is definitely usury! Do not do so, but if you want to buy (a superior kind of dates) sell the inferior dates for money, and then buy the superior kind of dates with that money the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) prohibited the price of a dog, the earnings of a prostitute, and the money paid to a soothsayer Do you think I bargained with you to take your camel? Take your camel and your dirhams; these are yours Do not buy it back and do not take back your charity, even if he gives it to you for one dirham, for the one who takes back his gift is like the one who takes back his vomit The one who takes back the gift he has given to someone is like one who eats his vomit Whoever pays in advance for anything, let him pay for a specified measure and a specified weight, to be delivered on a specified period of time We were the wealthiest farmers among the Ansār, and we used to lease out the land (saying): The produce of this (part of land) would be ours and (the produce) of that would be theirs. But it so happened that at times this (land) gave harvest, but the other one produced nothing. So he (the Prophet) forbade this. However, so far as the payment in silver is concerned, he did not forbid it Do not sell gold for gold except like for like, and do not sell less amount for greater amount or vice versa. And do not sell silver for silver except like for like, and do not sell less amount for greater amount or vice versa. And do not sell gold or silver that is not present at the moment of exchange for gold or silver that is present No one should prevent his neighbor from inserting a wooden peg into his wall. Abu Hurayrah then said: Why do I see you averse to that? By Allah, I will spread it [forcefully] among you He who sets free a Muslim slave, Allah will deliver from the fire of Hell every part of his body in return for every part of the slave's body, even his private parts Beware of excessive swearing (by Allah) in sale transactions, for it sells (the goods) then erases (the blessing) Verily, if one of you insists on fulfilling an oath by which he may harm his family that is more sinful in the sight of Allah, the Almighty, than breaking the oath and paying the (oath-breaking) expiation that Allah imposed The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) liked sweets and honey, and whenever he finished the ‘Asr prayer, he would visit his wives and stay closely with them, one after another. He once visited Hafsah and remained with her for longer than usual The son of Adam cannot make a vow concerning what is not his; he cannot free a slave who is not his; and he cannot divorce a woman who is not his (wife) This verse: {Allah does not impose blame upon you for what is unintentional in your oaths} [Sūrat al-Baqarah: 225] was revealed concerning saying: "No, by Allah" and "Yes, by Allah" The expiation for a vow is the same as the expiation for an oath Whoever manumits a Muslim, Allah will save from Hell each organ of his body for each organ of him A person from the Ansār declared that a slave of his would be free after he dies. Sulaymān ibn Dawūd (Prophet Solomon) (peace be upon him) said: "I will indeed have sexual intercourse with seventy women at night, and each one of them will give birth to a child who will fight in the cause of Allah." Keep some of your wealth, for this is better for you Whoever frees his share of a common slave and he has sufficient money to free him completely, should let its price be estimated by a just man and give his partners the price of their shares and manumit the slave Whoever emancipates a share in a slave should completely emancipate him from his money, if he can afford it. Otherwise, a fair price should be set for the slave. Three types of people will receive a double reward: a man from the People of the Book who believed in his Prophet and then believed in Muhammad, a slave who fulfilled his duties towards Allah and towards his masters, and a man who had a female slave and he taught her good manners, educated her well, then freed her and married her; he will receive a double reward Weigh, and add some more Well-done! That is a profitable deal! That is a profitable deal! I heard what you said: and I suggest that you give it to your nearest relatives A woman came to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) with a woven mantle The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) prohibited the selling and gifting of Walā' If you are left behind and do good deeds whereby you seek Allah's pleasure, you will be raised a degree and your status will be elevated on account of them. Perhaps you will be left behind so that some people may benefit by you and others may be harmed by you Do not go out to meet the riders (in a trade caravan), do not urge buyers to cancel a sale transaction to make a new one with you, do not bid against each other (to fool another bidder), a townsman must not buy on behalf of a Bedouin, and do not tie up the udders of camels and sheep The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) made an agreement with the people of Khaybar to work and cultivate in return for half of the fruits or crops produced When I asked Rāfi‘ ibn Khadīj about leasing land in return for gold and silver, he replied: There is no harm in it The Messenger of Allah granted concession for the sale of Al-‘Arāyā (unpicked ripe dates for dry dates) when they are equal to or less than five Wasqs The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) granted concession to the owner of Al-‘Ariyyah (a dates palm) to sell its unpicked fruits for dry dates by estimation The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was asked about the lost and picked up item whether it was of gold or silver, whereupon he said: Remember the description of its container and the string with which it is tied. Make a public announcement of it for one year. If nobody comes and claims it, then utilize the money but keep it as a trust with you. If its owner comes back one day seeking it, then return it to him The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) decreed that the lifelong gift is for the one to whom it was given The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) decreed for partners the right of preemption in property which had not been divided up. However, if the boundaries are demarcated, and the roads are fixed, then there will be no right of preemption Walā' is for the one who manumits There is no orphanhood after reaching puberty, and there is no silence for the whole day till the night Abu Bakr As-Siddīq (may Allah be pleased with him) entered upon a woman from Ahmas tribe, called Zaynab, and he noticed that she was not speaking The faithful and diligent slave will receive a double reward A man from the Children of Israel asked another to lend him one thousand dinars Indeed, Allah has given everyone deserving a right his due right. So, there is no will for an inheritor. The child belongs to the bed, and the adulterer gets the stone. Whoever claims to belong to someone other than his father or (a freed slave) attributes himself to those other than his masters, spurning them, upon him will be the curse of Allah, and no obligatory or supererogatory act of worship will be accepted from him ‘Ā'ishah's story with Ibn Az-Zubayr that involved a separation and a vow I was one of seven sons of Muqarrin, and we had only one female servant. The youngest of us slapped her in the face, so the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) commanded us to set her free In prayer, nothing of people's ordinary speech is allowed. Only Tasbīh, Takbīr, and recitation of the Qur'an are allowed What made you come, Abu Hidhyam? ‘Īsa the Son of Maryam saw a person stealing. Thereupon, ‘Īsa said to him: Did you steal? He said: No, by the One besides Whom there is no god. So ‘Īsa said: I believed in Allah and disbelieved my eyes Loyalty is pledged to the one who did the favor Among Allah's slaves, there are some who, if they take an oath by Allah (concerning something), Allah fulfills it The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) would hold horse races and would prefer the stronger horses for the longer distances If anyone gets possession of a relative who is within the prohibited degrees (of marriage), that person becomes free Safīnah said: I was Umm Salāmah’s slave, and she said: I will free you on condition that you serve the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) for as long as you live A slave who has entered into an agreement to purchase his freedom remains a slave as long as a dirham of the agreed price remains to be paid Whoever seizes the right of a Muslim person by his oath, Allah will condemn him to Hellfire and will make Paradise forbidden for him." A man said to him: Even if it is something insignificant, O Messenger of Allah? He said: "Even if it is a twig of Arāk Gold for gold, silver for silver, wheat for wheat, barley for barley, dates for dates, and salt for salt, like for like, equal for equal, hand to hand. If these classes differ, sell as you wish if it is hand to hand