عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم : «مَنْ أَنْظَرَ مُعْسِرا، أو وضع له، أظَلَّهُ الله يوم القيامة تحت ظِل عرشه يوم لا ظِلَّ إلا ظِلُّه».
[صحيح] - [رواه الترمذي والدارمي وأحمد]
المزيــد ...

Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "c2">“Whoever gives respite to an insolvent person or remits a part of his debt, Allah will shade him on the Day of Judgment in the shade of His Throne, on a day when there will be no shade but His.”
Sahih/Authentic. - [At-Tirmidhi]

Explanation

Abu Hurayrah informed us that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "c2">“Whoever gives respite to an insolvent person”, i.e. gives a poor debtor more time to repay his debt. "c2">“or remits a part of his debt”, i.e. forgives a part of the debt. In the narration of Abu Nu‘aym: "c2">“or remits it as a gift for him”. Its reward is: "c2">“Allah will shade him in His shade”, i.e. Allah will literally shade him in the shade of His Throne or will admit him into Paradise, thus protecting him from the heat of the Day of Judgment. The person who gives respite deserves this reward - the shade of Allah - because he was benevolent to the debtor more than to himself and relieved him, so Allah will relieve him in return, since the reward for a deed is of the same nature.

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Benefits from the Hadith

  1. It is recommended to give a good loan and to treat the debtor kindly and leniently.
  2. Reprieving an insolvent debtor or forgiving his debt, fully or partially, is one of the traits that cause a person to be shaded under the Throne of the All-Merciful on a day there will be no shade but His.
  3. It points out the merit of the lenient creditor and his great reward in the Hereafter.
  4. It shows the virtue of making things easy for people.
  5. It is permissible to give and receive loans.
  6. The donation by an agent is valid if given with the permission of the delegator.