عن أبي مالك الحارث بن الأشعري رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: «الطهور شطر الإيمان، والحمد لله تملأ الميزان، وسبحان الله والحمد لله تملآن -أو تملأ- ما بين السماء والأرض، والصلاة نور، والصدقة برهان، والصبر ضياء، والقرآن حجة لك أو عليك، كل الناس يغدو: فبائعٌ نفسَه فمُعتِقُها أو مُوبِقها».
[صحيح] - [رواه مسلم]
المزيــد ...

Abu Mālik Al-Hārith ibn al-Ash‘ari (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: "c2">“The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Purity is half of the Imān, Al-Hamdu Lillāh [All praise be to Allah] fills the Scale, and Subhān Allah wal-Hamdu Lillāh [Exalted is Allah and all praise be to Allah] fills what is between the heavens and the earth. Prayer is light, charity is proof, patience is radiance, and the Qur’an is proof either for you or against you. Every person goes out in the morning and sells his soul; he either saves it from doom or throws it into destruction.’”
Sahih/Authentic. - [Muslim]

Explanation

The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said that purity is half of Imān. It refers to the inward and outward purity. The purity of the body is achieved by keeping away from filth and removing Hadath (state of ritual impurity). The purity of the heart is to be free from polytheism and diseases of the heart. Half of the Imān: means half of the prayer, since prayer is not accepted without purity. He also said that Al-hamdu Lillāh (All praise be to Allah) fills the Scale, as it involves describing Allah Almighty by all of His perfect and glorious attributes along with loving and extolling Him. This statement fills the Scale by which the deeds are weighed. Subhān Allah (Exalted is Allah) is meant for exalting Allah above all that does not befit Him from defects and resemblance to His creation. Subhān Allah and/or (this uncertainty is by the narrator) Al-hamdu Lillāh fills what is between heaven and earth for a distance covered in five hundred years. This is out of the limitless favor of Allah. Prayer is light: light in the worldly life and light for the servant on the Day of Judgment. Charity is proof as it decisively proves the truthfulness of the servant’s faith, given the fact that one is naturally born with loving wealth. So, giving out such wealth willingly is undoubtedly a decisive proof of the truthfulness of one’s Imān. Patience, in its three forms, is radiance: patience for performing acts of obedience, patience for shunning disobedience, and patience for the painful predestination. It illuminates the way before the servant. The Qur’an is proof either for or against you. The Qur’an is the word of Allah that He sent down upon His Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) through Jibrīl, kept between the two sides of the Mus-haf’s cover. When one recites it, it is as if he is speaking to the Most Merciful. It can be proof for you when you have faith in it, believe in all that is stated in it, comply with its commands, and avoid its prohibition. But, if you learn and memorize it, then you, indulging in rest and sleep, abandon it, leave prayer, and act contrary to its commands and prohibitions, it becomes proof against you. "c2">“Every person goes out in the morning”: When it is morning, all people go about in the land in pursuit of provision. However, some do this for the good of themselves while others for their destruction. They sell themselves in the sense that they get their selves engaged in actions. So, you would either sell yourself to Allah Almighty and save it from His Fire or sell it to the devil by committing sins, crimes, and evildoing, whereby you lead it to its destruction in Hellfire.

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Benefits from the Hadith

  1. This Hadīth is an example of 'Jawami‘-al-Kalim' (short expression with wide meaning) of the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him).
  2. It shows the significance of inward and outward purification.
  3. It shows the merit of remembering Allah Almighty.
  4. It shows the mercy of Allah Almighty as He grants abundant rewards for saying simple words.
  5. Observing the prayer is crucial; as it is light for the servant in the worldly life and the Hereafter.
  6. Charity indicates the truthfulness of Imān.
  7. It shows the importance of acting upon the Qur’an and believing it so that it would be proof for you rather than against you.
  8. True freedom is to obey Allah Almighty, not to give oneself a free rein to do whatever one wishes.
  9. One will inevitably act in some way, either good or bad.