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عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ رضي الله عنه أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:
«لَا صَلَاةَ لِمَنْ لَمْ يَقْرَأْ بِفَاتِحَةِ الكِتَابِ».

[صحيح] - [متفق عليه] - [صحيح البخاري: 756]
المزيــد ...

‘Ubādah ibn as-Sāmit (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said:
"The prayer of the one who did not recite the Opening of the Book (Surat al-Fātihah) is invalid."

[Authentic hadith] - [Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim] - [Sahih Bukhari - 756]

Explanation

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) clarified that the prayer is invalid without reciting Surat al-Fātihah, which is one of the pillars of prayer in every Rak‘ah (unit of prayer).

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Benefits from the Hadith

  1. Reciting any Surah instead of Surat al-Fātihah, despite the ability to recite it, is insufficient.
  2. The Rak‘ah in which Surat al-Fātihah is not recited, whether intentionally, ignorantly, or forgetfully, is invalid because it is a pillar and pillars never cease to be due.
  3. The one led in prayer is exempted from reciting Surat al-Fātihah if he catches up with the prayer while the Imam is in the state of bowing.