Hadith: He will succeed if he proves to be truthful

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عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ رضي الله عنه قَالَ:
جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ أَهْلِ نَجْدٍ ثَائِرُ الرَّأْسِ، نَسْمَعُ دَوِيَّ صَوْتِهِ، وَلَا نَفْقَهُ مَا يَقُولُ حَتَّى دَنَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَإِذَا هُوَ يَسْأَلُ عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «خَمْسُ صَلَوَاتٍ فِي الْيَوْمِ وَاللَّيْلَةِ» فَقَالَ: هَلْ عَلَيَّ غَيْرُهُنَّ؟ قَالَ: «لَا، إِلَّا أَنْ تَطَّوَّعَ، وَصِيَامُ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ»، فَقَالَ: هَلْ عَلَيَّ غَيْرُهُ؟ فَقَالَ: «لَا، إِلَّا أَنْ تَطَّوَّعَ»، وَذَكَرَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الزَّكَاةَ، فَقَالَ: هَلْ عَلَيَّ غَيْرُهَا؟ قَالَ: «لَا، إِلَّا أَنْ تَطَّوَّعَ»، قَالَ: فَأَدْبَرَ الرَّجُلُ، وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: وَاللهِ، لَا أَزِيدُ عَلَى هَذَا، وَلَا أَنْقُصُ مِنْهُ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «أَفْلَحَ إِنْ صَدَقَ».
[صحيح] - [متفق عليه] - [صحيح مسلم: 11]
المزيــد ...

Talhah ibn ‘Ubaydullah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported:
A man from the people of Najd, with disheveled hair, came to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). We could hear his loud voice but could not understand what he was saying until he came close to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) when it became clear that he was asking about Islam. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Five prayers every day and night." He said: Do I have to perform any besides these? He said: "No, unless you do so voluntarily. And fasting the month of Ramadan." He said: Do I have to fast any beyond this? He said: "No, unless you do so voluntarily." The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) mentioned Zakah to him. He said: Do I have to pay any besides this? He said: "No, unless you do so voluntarily." He said: The man, then, turned away while saying: By Allah, I shall neither add to this nor omit from it. Thereupon, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "He will succeed if he proves to be truthful."
[Authentic hadith] - [Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim] - [Sahih Muslim - 11]

Explanation

A man from the people of Najd came to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). His hair was disheveled, his voice was loud, and his words could not be understood until he approached the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and asked him about the obligations of Islam.
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) started with the prayer and informed him that Allah has enjoined upon him five obligatory prayers to be performed every day and night.
He said: Do I have to perform any other prayer besides these five prayers?
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) replied: No, unless you choose to perform something of the voluntary prayers.
Then, he (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: Among what has been enjoined upon you by Allah is fasting the month of Ramadan.
The man said: Do I have to fast any other day besides fasting Ramadan?
He said: No, unless you choose to fast voluntarily.
Afterward, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) mentioned Zakah to him.
The man said: Do I have to give any charity besides the obligatory Zakah?
He said: No, unless you do so voluntarily.
After listening to the Prophet's words about such obligations, the man turned away and swore by Allah that he would adhere to them without any addition or omission. Thereupon, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: If this man is truthful regarding his oath, he will be among the successful.

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Benefits from the Hadith

  1. Tolerance of the Islamic Shariah and how it makes things easy for those who are religiously accountable.
  2. The Prophet's good treatment of this man, as he allowed him to get close to him and ask him.
  3. When calling others to Allah Almighty, one should start with the most important thing, followed by the next in importance.
  4. Islam is both a creed and a code of conduct; hence, deeds without faith are of no avail, and likewise, faith without deeds is of no avail.
  5. The importance of these deeds and the fact that they are from the pillars of Islam.
  6. The Friday prayer is included in the five obligatory prayers because it replaces the Zhuhr prayer on Friday for whomever the Friday prayer is obligatory.
  7. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) started his instruction with the most crucial obligations of Islam, namely its pillars that follow the two testimonies of faith, as the man was a Muslim. He did not mention Hajj either because this occurred before it was enjoined or because its time had not yet come.
  8. If one performs only what is obligatory according to the Shariah, he will indeed be successful. However, this does not mean that performing voluntary acts of worship is not Sunnah, as such voluntary acts will make up for the shortcomings in the obligations on the Day of Judgment.
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