Hadith: By the One in Whose Hand my soul is, I am the closest among you to the prayer of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). Such was his prayer until he departed this world

عن أَبي هُرَيْرَةَ رضي الله عنه:
أنه كَانَ يُكَبِّرُ فِي كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ مِنَ الْمَكْتُوبَةِ وَغَيْرِهَا، فِي رَمَضَانَ وَغَيْرِهِ، فَيُكَبِّرُ حِينَ يَقُومُ، ثُمَّ يُكَبِّرُ حِينَ يَرْكَعُ، ثُمَّ يَقُولُ: سَمِعَ اللهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ، ثُمَّ يَقُولُ: رَبَّنَا وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ، قَبْلَ أَنْ يَسْجُدَ، ثُمَّ يَقُولُ: اللهُ أَكْبَرُ حِينَ يَهْوِي سَاجِدًا، ثُمَّ يُكَبِّرُ حِينَ يَرْفَعُ رَأْسَهُ مِنَ السُّجُودِ، ثُمَّ يُكَبِّرُ حِينَ يَسْجُدُ، ثُمَّ يُكَبِّرُ حِينَ يَرْفَعُ رَأْسَهُ مِنَ السُّجُودِ، ثُمَّ يُكَبِّرُ حِينَ يَقُومُ مِنَ الْجُلُوسِ فِي الِاثْنَتَيْنِ، وَيَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ فِي كُلِّ رَكْعَةٍ، حَتَّى يَفْرُغَ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ، ثُمَّ يَقُولُ حِينَ يَنْصَرِفُ: وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ، إِنِّي لَأَقْرَبُكُمْ شَبَهًا بِصَلَاةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، إِنْ كَانَتْ هَذِهِ لَصَلَاتَهُ حَتَّى فَارَقَ الدُّنْيَا.
[صحيح] - [متفق عليه] - [صحيح البخاري: 803]

Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that
he used to say takbīr in every obligatory and supererogatory prayer during Ramadan and others. He would say takbīr when he rose and say takbīr when he bowed. Then, he would say: "Sami'a allāhu liman hamidah" (Allah hears he who praises Him). Then, he would say, "Rabbanā wa laka al-hamd" (Our Lord, praise be to You) before prostrating. Then, he would say: "Allāhu akbar" (Allah is the Greatest) as he went down to prostration. Then, he would say takbīr upon raising his head from prostration, then say takbīr upon prostrating, and then say takbīr upon raising his head from prostration. Then, he would say takbīr upon rising from the sitting position both times. He would do so in every Rak'ah until he finished the prayer. Then, he would say as he left: "By the One in Whose Hand my soul is, I am the closest among you to the prayer of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). Such was his prayer until he departed this world."
[Authentic hadith] - [Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim] - [Sahih Bukhari - 803]

Explanation

Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) describes part of the Prophet's prayer. He informs that when he stood for prayer, he would say the takbīr of ihrām (opening takbīr). Then, he would say takbīr in the following cases: when he bowed for Rukū 'when he prostrated himself and raised his head from prostration. When he made the second prostration, he raised his head and rose from the first two Rak'ahs after sitting for the first tashahhud in the three-Rak'ah or four-Rak'ah prayer. Then, he would do this in the whole prayer until he finished it. He would say upon raising his back from Rukū ': Allah hears he who praises Him. And while standing upright, he would say: Our Lord, praise be to You.
Then, Abu Hurayrah would say after he finished the prayer: By the One in Whose Hand my soul is, I am the closest among you to the prayer of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). Such was his prayer until he departed this world.