Hadith: There are three (people) whose actions are not recorded by the Pen: a sleeping person till he awakes, a boy till he reaches puberty, and a person with an unsound mind till he regains his sanity
عن علي رضي الله عنه عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال:
«رُفِعَ الْقَلَمُ عن ثلاثة: عن النائم حتى يَسْتَيْقِظَ، وعن الصبي حتى يَحْتَلِمَ، وعن المجنون حتى يَعْقِلَ».
[صحيح] - [رواه أبو داود والترمذي والنسائي في الكبرى وابن ماجه وأحمد] - [سنن أبي داود: 4403]
المزيــد ...
‘Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said:
"There are three (people) whose actions are not recorded by the Pen: a sleeping person till he awakes, a boy till he reaches puberty, and a person with an unsound mind till he regains his sanity."
[Authentic hadith] - [Narrated by Abu Daoud & At-Termedhy & Ahmad & Ibn Majah & An-Nasa'i in Major Sunan] - [Sunan Abu Daoud - 4403]
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) informed that accountability is binding on all the children of Adam except for these three:
A child till he grows up and reaches puberty.
An insane and crazy person till his mind is restored.
A sleeping person till he wakes up.
Accountability has been lifted from them, and their sinful actions are not recorded against them. However, goodness is recorded for a young boy, but not for the insane or sleeping person, because they are in the category of those who are not capable of valid worship due to the loss of consciousness.
Benefits from the Hadith
- A person’s lack of eligibility is either due to sleep, which may cause him to fail to wake up to perform his duties, or because his young age is associated with legal incompetence, or because of insanity with which his mental functions are disturbed, as well as similar cases such as drunkenness. Whoever becomes unable to discern matters and perceive them properly is no longer legally qualified due to one of these three reasons. Allah Almighty, out of His justice, forbearance, and generosity, has absolved him of the blame for his transgression or shortcomings with regard to the right of Allah Almighty.
- Not recording their sins against them does not contradict the establishment of some worldly rulings against them. For example, if an insane person kills, there is no retaliation or expiation due against him, and his paternal family members must pay blood money.
- Puberty has three signs: the emission of semen, through a wet dream or otherwise; the growth of pubic hair; and reaching the age of fifteen. A woman has a fourth sign in addition: menstruation.
- As-Subki said: A boy is a child. Someone else said: A child in his mother’s womb is called a fetus, and when he is born, he is a child. When he is weaned, he is a boy until he is seven. Then, he becomes an adolescent until he is ten; then a minor until he is fifteen. What is certain is that he is called a boy in all of these cases. This was said by As-Suyūti.
Categories
More ...
- Hadith: Do not pray facing graves and do not sit on them
- Hadith: The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) delayed the ‘Ishā' prayer until part of the night had passed and it was dark. ‘Umar came to him saying: O Messenger of Allah, come to pray, the women and children have slept. He came out with his head dripping with water and said: Had it not been hard for my Ummah, I would have commanded them to perform that prayer at this hour
- Hadith: Whoever unjustly usurps even one handspan of land, his neck will be encircled with it down the seven earths
- Hadith: Allah does not accept the prayer of any woman who has reached the age of menstruation unless [she is] veiled
- Hadith: None of you should offer prayer in a single garment that does not cover his shoulders
- Hadith: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to pray on his riding animal, regardless of the direction it was facing. When he wanted to perform an obligatory prayer, he would dismount and face the Qiblah
- Hadith: When the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was on a journey and wished to offer voluntary prayers, he made his she-camel face the Qiblah, said Takbīr, and then prayed towards whatever direction his mount would face