Hadith: Give me your pledge that you will not associate anything with Allah, that you will not steal, that you will not commit adultery

عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، وَكَانَ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا، وَهُوَ أَحَدُ النُّقَبَاءِ لَيْلَةَ العَقَبَةِ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ، وَحَوْلَهُ عِصَابَةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ:
«بَايِعُونِي عَلَى أَلَّا تُشْرِكُوا بِاللَّهِ شَيْئًا، وَلاَ تَسْرِقُوا، وَلاَ تَزْنُوا، وَلاَ تَقْتُلُوا أَوْلاَدَكُمْ، وَلاَ تَأْتُوا بِبُهْتَانٍ تَفْتَرُونَهُ بَيْنَ أَيْدِيكُمْ وَأَرْجُلِكُمْ، وَلاَ تَعْصُوا فِي مَعْرُوفٍ، فَمَنْ وَفَى مِنْكُمْ فَأَجْرُهُ عَلَى اللَّهِ، وَمَنْ أَصَابَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْئًا فَعُوقِبَ فِي الدُّنْيَا فَهُوَ كَفَّارَةٌ لَهُ، وَمَنْ أَصَابَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْئًا ثُمَّ سَتَرَهُ اللَّهُ فَهُوَ إِلَى اللَّهِ، إِنْ شَاءَ عَفَا عَنْهُ وَإِنْ شَاءَ عَاقَبَهُ» فَبَايَعْنَاهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ.
[صحيح] - [متفق عليه] - [صحيح البخاري: 18]

‘Ubādah ibn as-Sāmit (may Allah be pleased with him), who witnessed Badr and was one of the chiefs chosen to represent his tribe on the night of ‘Aqabah, reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said, and around him was a group of his Companions:
"Give me your pledge that you will not associate anything with Allah, that you will not steal, that you will not commit adultery, that you will not kill your children, that you will not bring forth slander you have invented between your hands and legs, and that you will not disobey in righteousness. Whoever among you fulfills these, his reward is with Allah. And whoever commits any of these and is punished in this world, it will be an expiation for him. And whoever commits any of these and Allah covers him, then it is up to Allah; if He wills, He will pardon him, and if He wills, He will punish him." So we gave him our pledge on that.
[Authentic hadith] - [Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim] - [Sahih Bukhari - 18]

Explanation

‘Ubādah ibn as-Sāmit (may Allah be pleased with him), who was among those who witnessed the great Battle of Badr and was the leader of his people who stepped forward to pledge allegiance to support the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) on the night of ‘Aqabah at Mina—when the Messenger of Allah was in Makkah before he migrated to Madīnah—informed that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was sitting among his Companions and asked them to pledge allegiance to him on certain matters: First: Not to associate anything with Allah in worship, no matter how small it is. Second: Not to steal. Third: Not to commit adultery. Fourth: Not to kill their children—neither their sons out of fear of poverty nor their daughters out of fear of shame. Fifth: Not to bring forth lies that they fabricate between their hands and feet, as most actions are carried out through them, even if other body parts are involved. Sixth: Not to disobey the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) when it comes to what is right. Whoever remains steadfast on this covenant and adheres to it, his reward is with Allah. As for those who commit any of what is mentioned—except Shirk (polytheism)—and is punished for it in this world through the prescribed legal punishment, that serves as an expiation for him, and his sin is absolved. However, anyone who commits any of these actions and Allah covers him, his matter is left to Allah; He may either pardon him or punish him. All those who were present pledged their allegiance to him on that.